Fourth E.C. Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference

Opening Session.- Overview of the European Community’s activities in photovoltaics.- The Italian programme in photovoltaic solar energy.- Opening address — The ENEL’s programmes in the field of photovoltaic conversion.- Opening address — CNR programme for photovoltaics.- United States federal photovoltaic program status.- Session I — Applications.- Application trends for photovoltaics.- The potential for photovoltaics in Europe.- The behaviour of large solar power stations in the Swiss Alps.- Design, installation, and initial performance of 350-kW photovoltaic power system for Saudi Arabian villages.- The photovoltaic-powered water desalination plant “SORO” — Design, start up, operating experience.- The UNDP World Bank solar pump project — preparing for phase II.- Installation et évaluation d’un système simple de pompage photovoltaique dans un village algérien.- Poster Group P1 — Applications.- Intermediate.- Advanced system design for solar power plants.- The Mississippi county community college large-scale demonstration project — a success story.- TISO 15 — 15kW experimental photovoltaic solar power plant.- Residential.- Photovoltaic retrofit feasibility in the United States.- Experiments on combined photovoltaic-aeolian electric generation in a residential stand-alone system.- Simulations of the energy performance of a solar photovoltaic residence and hybrid electric automobile in Fresno, California.- Alicudi project.- A successful integration of solar energy in African life: Kolokani, Mali.- Application and experience of photovoltaic pumps for irrigation in Pakistan.- Development and testing of a submersible motor pump driven by a solar cell generator.- Other applications.- Solar generator performance with load matching to water electrolysis — longterm averages and range of instantaneous efficiencies.- Photovoltaic power for walk-in coolers.- Technical and economic requirements for small-scale photovoltaic refrigerators.- Residential applications of photovoltaics in the United States.- Session 2 — Experience, Performance, Reliability, Monitoring.- Performance, testing and module monitoring at the EC: necessary steps to develop cost-effective PV modules.- Reliability and performance experience with flat-plate photovoltaic modules.- Operational experience with intermediate flat-plate photovoltaic systems.- Operational experience with a 35-kWp concentrating photovoltaic system.- Solar photovoltaic systems in the development of Papua New Guinea.- Field trial of rural solar photovoltaic system.- Poster Group P2 — Experience, Performance, Reliability, Monitoring.- Experience and Reliability.- Study of a photovoltaic concentrating system like “Sophocle” in fluctuating mode.- Performance of 1kW peak concentrating photovoltaic array.- Photovoltaic concentrator module characterization.- Performance and Monitoring.- Results from a test facility for solar cells in Sweden.- A microprocessor-based instrument for automatic solar cell characterization.- Session 3 — Systems, Components and Engineering.- Subsystem engineering and development of grid-connected photovoltaic systems.- Array structures for fixed flat-plate photovoltaic power generators.- Inverters for PV plants feeding the electrical network of small isolated communities.- Poster Group P3 — Systems, Components and Engineering.- Array design.- A support structure for intermediate PV solar plant.- Low cost modular designs for photovoltaic array fields.- The photovoltaic solar system, analysis and basic design rules.- A detailed package of digital codes specially developed for the array system.- Shadowing, Hot-Spots.- Analysis of hot-spot-effects in encapsulated photovoltaic generators by laser scan and partial shadowing.- Reverse bias power dissipation of shadowed or faulty cells in different array configurations.- Disequilibriums in series connected solar cells — an approach to the protection by parallel diodes.- Grid Connection and Inverters.- Minimum cost of photovoltaic energy for a utility grid and general features of a generating plant using costless solar cells.- A DC/AC modular interface for photovoltaic systems.- Simple transformerless inverter with automatic grid-tracking and negligible harmonic content for utility interactive photovoltaic systems.- Regulated converter circuit for direct photovoltaic energy feedback into the power grid.- Power conditioning in solar photovoltaic array applications.- Battery Interface.- Mismatch between batteries and two module types PV arrays Interest of DC-DC converters.- Matching the characterstics of batteries with solar cell modules.- Calculation to improve power conversion efficiency in photovoltaic systems.- Session 4 — Fiat Plate Module Technology.- Flat plate module technology — overview.- AM/PM: The rating system for photovoltaic modules.- Poster Group P4 — Flat Plate Module Technology.- Recent progress in terrestrial photovoltaic collector technology.- Low-cost solar array progress and plans.- An all glass encapsulation of solar cells using silk-screening techniques.- Laminated modules with new plastic material based on an ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer.- Design and development of a module for the EEC PV pilot plants.- Module design for EC pilot projects.- Solar cells failure modes and improvement of reverse characteristics.- Fabrication of large area Cu2S/CdS thin film solar modules.- Front contacts for large area high efficiency Cu2S-CdS solar cells.- Session 5 — Fundamental Studies.- Solid solubility and precipitation of phosphorus and arsenic in silicon solar cells front layer.- Grain boundaries and intragrain defects dependence of local and global electronic and photovoltaic properties of CGE polysilicon.- Gas immersion laser diffusion: A new method for making efficient Si solar cells.- Validity of the effective lifetime concept in polycrystalline silicon.- Study of the grain boundary effects in n-p junction polycrystalline Si solar cells.- Studies of the gap states density in undoped and doped amorphous hydrogenated silicon.- Influence of light exposure on the transport properties of a-Si:H films.- Pulsed electron beam annealing of ion implanted germanium for photovoltaic devices.- Recent advances in ITO/InP and CdS/InP solar cells.- Intensity enhancement in textures optical sheets for solar cells.- Spectrum shifting methods in photovoltaics: an evaluation of model systems.- Poster Group P5 — Fundamental Studies.- Theoretical studies.- Extrema of majority and minority carrier quasi Fermi levels in p-n junction solar cells.- High-blocked heterojunction and Schottky barrier solar cells.- Computer-aided-characterization of the illuminated and dark current voltage characteristics of solar cells.- Non linear model for shunt current in terrestrial silicon solar cells.- Non-linear increase and decrease of open circuit voltage of n p p silicon solar cells at high illumination level.- Series resistance analysis of concentrator cells under high injection conditions.- Silicon Solar Cells.- The influence of grain-boundary recombination and grain size on the I(V)-characteristics of polycrystalline silicon solar cells.- Diffusion length of minority carriers in scanning electron beam annealed silicon.- Pathology of solar cell contacts.- Design of stable metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) solar cells by oxide thickness compensation.- Amorphous Silicon.- Study of gap states in a-Si:H by transient current spectroscopy.- Highly conductive boron doped Si-layers prepared by plasma decomposition of SiH4.- A model for analysis of optical measurements carried on a-Si:H films for photovoltaic applications.- Other Materials.- The assessment of thin film CuxS-CdS solar cells using cathodoluminescence techniques.- Photovoltaic effect in SnTe/CdTe junctions.- Organic photovoltaic materials: polyacetylene.- Compositional analysis of CuInS2 chalcopyrite semiconductor.- Studies on CdS/n-InP PEC solar cells.- Session 6 — Advanced Devices and Concentration.- Advanced photovoltaic devices.- High efficiency GaAs solar cells for concentrator and flat plate arrays.- Photovoltaic concentrator technology in the USA.- Luminescent solar concentrators (LSC): technical and economic requirements for a residential system.- Recent progress in a residential solar energy system development.- High efficiency tandem type solar cells consisting of a-Si:H and a-SiGe:H.- High efficiency shallow p nn cadmium telluride solar cells.- Poster Group P6 — Advanced Devices and Concentration.- Advanced Solar Cells.- The photovoltaic advanced research and development program in the United States.- Influence of plasma Si-nitride deposition on the dark I-V curves of MIS contacts for inversion layer solar cells.- Limitations of the open circuit voltage of induced junction silicon solar cells due to surface recombination.- Some comments on sprayed ITO/semiconductor solar cells.- Role of photoluminescence in the efficiency of a Ga1-x AlxAs-GaAs solar cell.- Operating characteristics of thin tftermophotovoltaic cells with minority carrier mirrors and optical mirrors using selective radiators of erbium and ytterbium oxides.- Concentrators.- Lambertian analysis of mirrors and Fresnel lenses for solar concentration.- 750 suns concentrator modules using GaAs solar cells.- A 500 Wpk photovoltaic concentrator using a glass laminated metal membrane reflector.- Fluorescent planar concentrator (FPC): Monte-Carlo computer model — Limit efficiency and latest experimental results.- Session 7 — Thin Film Solar Cell Technology.- Physical limitations of present thin film solar cells.- 8% efficiency a-SiC:H/a-Si:H heterojunction solar cells.- Amorphous silicon solar cells produced by a consecutive, separated reaction chamber method.- Charge collection in a-Si:H solar cells.- The effect of glow discharge excitation frequency on the performance of microcrystalline Si:H thin films and devices.- Electrodeposited CdS/CdTe heterojunction solar cells.- Thin film heterojunction CdS/Cu ternary alloys — solar cells with minority carrier mirrors.- Large area CdS/Cu S thin film solar cells produced by electrophoretic deposition.- Sprayed zinc-cadmium sulfide films for backwall Cu2S/(ZnCd)S cells.- Poster Group P7 — Thin Film Solar Cell Technology.- Amorphous Semiconductors.- Large area and high efficiency a-Si:H solar cell.- Post-hydrogenated CVD amorphous silicon p-i-n diodes for photovoltaic applications.- Stability of amorphous silicon solar cells with pin structure.- Carrier conduction in a-Si:H solar cells.- Optical optimization of amorphous silicon solar cells.- Large area hydrogenated amorphous silicon for photovoltaic application.- Novel plasma chemical methods for doping a-Si:H.- Electronic properties of doped amorphous SiOx.- Crystalline Silicon Based Cells.- Antimony doping in vacuum deposited thin film silicon photovoltaic cells.- Photovoltaic performance of CdS heterojunctions on polycrystalline silicon.- II-IV Compound Solar Cells.- Temperature dependence of the IV-characteristic of Cu2S-CdS thin film solar cells and related phenomena.- Continuous deposition of photovoltaic grade CdS sheet at the unit operations scale.- CuxS(p) — CdZnS(n) — CdS(n+) evaporated thin film solar cells.- Thin film Cu2S/CdS junctions produced by evaporation and sputtering: effect of thermal treatments in vaccum.- Airless sprayed CdS solar cells.- Electrochemical preparation and conditioning of Cu2S for Cu2S-CdS solar cells.- Physico-chemical properties of Cu2S.- Photovoltaic behaviour of CdSe thin film solar cells.- All thin film n-CdTe/ITO Solar Cell.- Preparation of high purity II-VI compounds by laser annealing.- Other Thin Film Systems.- Zn3P2 thin-film solar cells.- Cadmium sulfide polyacetylene photovoltaic hererojunction.- Antimony sulphide thin films.- Session 8 — Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Technology.- Progress in unconventional crystallization of silicon.- Production of solar grade silicon in an arc furnace using high purity starting materials.- Segregation of impurities at grain boundaries and other compositional inhomogeneities in chill-casted silicon ingots.- Advanced slicing techniques.- Continuous growth of thin polysilicon sheets on a temporary carbon shaper by the R.A.D. process.- Possibilities of ion implantation in silicon solar cell manufacturing.- Low cost processes for cast silicon solar cells.- Polycrystalline silicon solar cells utilizing an integral screen printing technique.- Photovoltaic solar cell comparison methodology.- Poster Group P8 — Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Technology.- Silicon Material.- Aluminothermic reduction of quartz sand.- Solar grade floating-zone silicon.- Current aspects of the CGE semicrystalline silicon ingots elaboration method.- An approach to solargrade silicon layers epitaxially grown on mg silicon substrates.- Method of raw material continuous feeding on silicon ribbon growth.- Impurity incorporation in R.A.D. polysilicon layers and consequences on their electrical properties.- Fast silicon-sheet growth with the supported-web method.- Recent developments in multi-wire fixed abrasive slicing technique (FAST).- Critical technology limits to silicon material and sheet production.- Economic viability of the UCP semicrystalline silicon sheet technology.- Ion Implantation, Cell Processing.- Comparison between various ion beam doping procedures and anneal techniques used in manufacturing silicon solar cells.- Status of ion-implanted silicon solar cells.- Optimization of pulsed electron beam annealing process for silicon solar cells.- Silicon solar cells by ion implantation: E-beam and self annealing.- An automated ion implant/pulse anneal machine for low cost silicon cell production.- Laser processing in the preparation of high efficiency poly-crystalline silicon solar cells.- The influence of surface texture and thermal treatment on the performance of laser-annealed silicon solar cells.- Implantation of boron and boron fluoride compounds into silicon for production of solar cells.- Grain boundary photocurrent enhancement in solar cells made by laser diffusion.- Dry process for economic cell manufacturing.- Late News Papers.- Low cost structures and optimization of support structures.- Screen printed SIS-type solar cells.- An improved derivation of solar cell parameters in terms of transition probabilities.- Impurity diffusion in amorphous silicon and its implications for solar cells.- The world’s largest 12 Volt single string photovoltaic module.- Light assisted pulsed annealing of photovoltaic silicon by microwave energy.- Microprogrammed coupling system for photovoltaic generators with multiple receptors.- List of Participants.- Index of Authors.